Ukubhujiswa okuningi kwezinto zensimbi kwenzeka endaweni esemkhathini, ngoba umkhathi uqukethe izakhi ezilonakalisayo ezinjengomoya-mpilo kanye nokungcola, kanye nezinto zokugqwala ezifana nomswakama kanye nezinguquko zokushisa. Ukugqwala okusawoti kosawoti kungenye yezinto zokugqwala ezivame kakhulu futhi ezilimazayo.
Isimiso somoya osawoti osolaka kasawoti
Ukugqwala kwezinto zensimbi ngosawoti kudalwa ikakhulukazi ukuthathwa kwesisombululo sikasawoti esiphethe sensimbi kanye nokusabela kwe-electrochemical, i-electrochemical yensimbi - Isixazululo se-electrolyte - ukungcola okuphezulu ". Ukudluliswa kwe-elektroni kwenzeka, futhi insimbi njengoba i-anode incibilikisa futhi yakha indawo entsha, okungukuthi ukuthuthuka. I-Chloride Ion idlala indima enkulu kwinqubo yokulimala kasawoti yesifutho sikasawoti, esinamandla asongeni angenayo, okulula ukungena nge-metal oxide ungqimba ngensimbi, abhubhise isimo sensimbi; Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Chloride Ion inamandla amancane we-hydration, okulula ukubizwa ebusweni bensimbi, esikhundleni somoya-mpilo engxenyeni ye-oxide evikela insimbi, ukuze insimbi yonakele.
Izindlela zokuhlola zikasawoti zokuwohloka zokulwa nokuhlukaniswa
Ukuhlolwa kweSalt Spray kuyindlela yokuvuselela ukuqina kokuphikiswa kokuphikiswa komoya wokufakelwa. Kuyinto ukugcwala kwe-brine atomomed; Bese ufafaza ebhokisini le-thermostatic elivaliwe, ngokubheka ukuthi ushintsho lwesampula elihlolwe elibekwe ebhokisini isikhathi esithile ukubonisa indawo yokusolwa kwesampula elihlolwe, indawo yokuhlola usawoti i-chloride uSalk Spraful Emvelo , kepha i-General Natural Everol fafaza okuqukethwe kaninginingi noma kaninginingi izikhathi, ukuze izinga lokukhulisa lithuthuke kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kosawoti kosawoti emkhiqizweni, isikhathi sokuthola imiphumela kakhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kosawoti kosawoti ngaphambi nangemva kwalokho
Isikhathi sokugqwala sesampula yomkhiqizo singathatha unyaka noma iminyaka eminingana lapho kuhlolwe endaweni yemvelo, kepha imiphumela efanayo ingatholakala ngezinsuku noma amahora lapho ihlolwe endaweni yokufafaza usawoti okwenziwe ngosawoti.
Ukuhlolwa kosawoti wesawoti ikakhulukazi kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezine:
① Ukuhlolwa kosawoti okungathathi hlangothi (NSS)
② acetic acid isifutho sokuhlola (AASS)
③ I-aceperated acecperated acetic acid fafaza ukuhlolwa (i-cass)
(4) Ukushintshana okushintshaniswa kosawoti
Usawoti ufafaza imishini yokuhlola ukugqwala
Ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kosawoti
Izindlela zokuhlola zokuhlola usawoti isifutho zifaka indlela yokulinganisa, indlela yokuhlaziya yokwehla kwezingalo kanye nendlela enesisindo.
01
Indlela yokulinganisa
Indlela yokulinganisa ihlukanisa iphesenti lendawo yokugqwala endaweni ephelele emabangeni amaningana ngokwendlela ethile, futhi ethatha ibanga oluthile njengesisekelo sokwahlulela okufanele. Le ndlela ilungele ukuhlolwa kwamasampula e-flat plate. Isibonelo, i-GB / T 6461-2002, i-ISO 10289-2001, ASTM B537-70 (2013), ASTM D1654-2005 konke ukusebenzisa le ndlela yokuhlola uSathafa.
Isilinganiso sokuvikelwa nokubukeka ukubukeka
Amanani we-RP namaRA abalwa kanjena:
Kuphi: I-RP inani lokulinganisa lokuvikela; Inani lokulinganisa ukubukeka; A ngamaphesenti engxenye evuthiwe ye-matrix yensimbi endaweni ephelele lapho i-RP ibalwa; I-RA yiphesenti lengxenye elonakele yesendlalelo sokuvikela endaweni ephelele.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Overtay nokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo
Isilinganiso sokuvikelwa sivezwa njenge :A / -
Isibonelo, lapho ukugqwala okuncane kudlula i-1% yobuso futhi kungaphansi kwama-2,5% ebusweni, kuvezwa njenge: 5 / -
Isilinganiso sokubukeka sivezwa njenge: - / i-ra value + yokuhlola okuhlangene + nokumboza izinga lokuhluleka
Isibonelo, uma indawo yebala ingaphezu kwama-20%, yi: - / 2MA
Isilinganiso sokusebenza sivezwa njengenani le-RA Value + Ukuhlola Okuhlangene + Ukunqwabelanisa Izinga Lokuhluleka
Isibonelo, uma kungekho ukugcwala kwensimbi ye-matrix kusampula, kepha kukhona ukugqwala okuncane kwesendlalelo se-anodic emboza ngaphansi kwe-1% yendawo ephelele, kuthiwa ku-10 / 6sc
Isithombe sokumbondelana nge-polarity engemihle ebheke ensimbi engaphansi kwensimbi
02
Indlela yokuhlola ubukhona beCorlode
Indlela Yokuhlola Ukugqwala iyindlela yokuzimisela efanelekile, kususelwa ekuhlolweni komoya okusawoti okusawoti, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ingabe umkhiqizo wokugqwala womkhiqizo ukuthola isampula. Isibonelo, i-JB4 159-1999, GJB4.11-1983, i-GB / T 4288-2003 yamukela le ndlela yokuhlola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti.
I-Corrosion Yesici Sokulwa Kwezingxenye Ezijwayelekile Zokukhazimula Kwe-electroplating ngemuva kokuhlolwa kosawoti
Indlela yokubala yezinga lokugqwala:
01
Umswakama obaluleke kakhulu ohlobene nokugqwala kwensimbi ucishe abe ngu-70%. Lapho umswakama ohlobene ufinyelela noma udlula lo mswakama obucayi, usawoti uzofakwa kubhekwe ukuze wakhe i-electrolyte enokuvuka okuhle. Lapho umswakama ohlobene encipha, ukugxila kwesixazululo sikasawoti kuzokhuphuka kuze kube yilapho usawoti we-crystalline unqunyelwe, futhi izinga lokukhulisa liyancipha ngokufanele. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lenyuka, ukunyakaza kwamangqamuzana kuyakhulisa kanye nezinga lokukhulisa uSawoti we-Salt kuyakhuphuka. IKhomishini Ye-International Electrotechnical Commission ikhomba ukuthi izinga lokugqwala likhuphuka izikhathi ezi-2 ~ 3 kanye nokuvuselelwa kwe-electrolyte kwandiswa ngo-10 ~ 20% kulo lonke lokunyuka okungu-10 Ukuhlolwa kosawoti okungathathi hlangothi, kuvame ukubhekwa ngokuthi ama-35 ℃ okushisa okufanele.02Ukugxila kwesixazululo
I-angle yokubekwa kwesampula
Ukuqondiswa kwe-sedimentation kwesifutho sikasawoti kuseduze nendawo ebheke mpo. Lapho isampula libekwe ngokuvundlile, indawo yayo yokuqagela iyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke, futhi ingaphezulu lesampula lithwala uSawoti olifakile kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukugqwala kubaluleke kakhulu. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi lapho ipuleti lensimbi lingu-45 ° kusuka emugqeni ovundlile, ukuncipha kwesisindo okuvundlile ku-250g, lapho ipuleti yensimbi ifana nomugqa omile, ukuncipha kwesisindo nge-140g ngemitha engu-140g ngayinye imitha yesikwele. I-GB / T 2423.17-1993 Izifundazwe ezijwayelekile: "Indlela yokubeka isampula eliphansi ngeke ibe khona ukuthi indawo ehloliwe izoba se-30 ° ukusuka endaweni eqondile".
04 PH
Yehlisa i-PH, ukukhuphuka kwama-hydrogen ion kwikhambi, okune-acidic futhi kuyawohloka. Inani lokufuya likasawoti elingathathi hlangothi Ngenxa yethonya lezici zezemvelo, inani le-PH Solution lizoshintsha. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuvela kwemiphumela yokuhlola usawoti, uhla lwenani lesawoti lucacisiwe kuzinga lokuhlola usawoti ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, futhi indlela yokuzinza ivelu yekhambi kasawoti ngesikhathi kuhlongozwa.
05
Inani lokufakelwa kosawoti kanye nendlela yokufafaza
Inhlayiya enosawoti yokufafaza usawoti, ikhudlwana indawo engaphezulu yakha, i-oksijini e-adsorb, kanye nokuwohloka okwengeziwe. Okubi okusobala kakhulu kwezindlela zendabuko zokufafaza, kufaka phakathi indlela yokufafaza ye-pneumatic nendlela ye-spray tower, ukufana okumpofu kwesimo se-salt wist kanye nobubanzi bezinhlayiyana zikasawoti. Izindlela ezahlukene zokufafaza nazo zinomphumela ku-pH yesisombululo sikasawoti.
Amazinga ahlobene nokuhlolwa kosawoti.
Isikhathi esingakanani ihora lokufafaza usawoti endaweni yemvelo?
Ukuhlolwa kosawoti kosawoti kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, enye iyisivivinyo sokuvezwa kwemvelo yemvelo, enye ingukuhlolwa kwemvelo okusheshe ukufunwa kosawoti.
Ukulingiswa kwe-preficial Spray Envirol Test ukusebenzisa imishini yokuhlola ngesikhala esithile sevolumu - igumbi lokuhlola likasawoti, endaweni yalo yevolumu ngezindlela zokufakelwa kosawoti ukuze kuhlaziye ukumelana nomoya. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemvelo yemvelo, ukugcwaliswa kwamasawoti kwe-chloride emvelweni kasawoti yokufafaza kungaba kaningana noma izikhathi eziningi zesawoti zifafaza okuqukethwe kwemvelo okujwayelekile, ukuze isivinini sokugqwala sathuthukiswa kakhulu, kanye nokuhlolwa kosawoti okuvuliwe Umkhiqizo uncishiswe kakhulu. Isibonelo, kungathatha unyaka ongu-1 ukuze isampula lomkhiqizo lizololwa ngaphansi kokuvezwa kwemvelo, kuyilapho imiphumela efanayo ingatholakala emahoreni angama-24 ngaphansi kwendawo yokufafaza ngosawoti eyenziwe ngosawoti.
Ukuhlolwa kosawoti okwenziwe ngoSawoti okulingisa kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kosawoti okungathathi hlangothi, ukuhlolwa kwesifutho se-acetate, isivivinyo se-acetate esisheshayo se-acetate, ukushintshana ngokushintshana kosawoti.
. Isebenzisa i-5% sodium chloride brine solution, isixazululo ph silungiswe ebangeni elingathathi hlangothi (6 ~ 7) njengesixazululo sokufafaza. Ukushisa kokuhlola kusethwe ku-35 ℃, kanye nezinga lokuxazulula usawoti kudingeka ukuba phakathi kwe-1 ~ 2ml / 80cm².h.
(2) I-Acetate Spray Test (ASS Test) yathuthukiswa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kosawoti okungathathi hlangothi. Kungukufaka i-glacial acetic acid kuya ku-5% sodium chloride solution, ukuze ivelu ye-PH yekhambi yehle cishe i-3, ikhambi liba acidic, bese ekugcineni kufakwa isifutho sikasawoti ku-acid. Izinga lokukhulisa licishe liphindwe kathathu kunokuhlolwa kwe-NSS.
. Izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lingu-50 ℃, kanye nenani elincane likasawoti wethusi - I-Chloride yethusi - I-Chloride yethusi ingezwe kwikhambi likasawoti ukuze ivume ngokuqinile ukugcwala. Ikhipha cishe amahlandla ayisishiyagalombili ngokushesha kunokuhlolwa kwe-NSS.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezijwayelekile, ifomula elilandelayo lokuguqulwa lesikhathi lingabhekiselwa ku:
I-Neutral Salt Spray Vital Tour 24h yemvelo imvelo yonyaka ongu-1
I-Acetate Mist Test 24h imvelo yemvelo yeminyaka emithathu
Usawoti we-Copper asheshe asheshise i-acetate mist test 24h imvelo yemvelo yeminyaka engu-8
Ngakho-ke, ngokubheka imvelo yasolwandle, isifutho sikasawoti, ukushintshana okumanzi kanye nomile, sikholelwa ukuthi ukumelana nokugqwala kwemikhumbi yokudoba endaweni enjalo kufanele kube yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu.
Ngakho-ke, ngokubheka imvelo yasolwandle, isifutho sikasawoti, ukushintshana okumanzi kanye nomile, sikholelwa ukuthi ukumelana nokugqwala kwemikhumbi yokudoba endaweni enjalo kufanele kube yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu.
Kungakho sidinga izikebhe zokudoba ukuba nazoInsimbi ye-metal halide ballastama-capacitors afakiwe ngaphakathi endlini. Umnikazi wesibani weI-4000W yokudoba ukukhanya ebhodinikufanele ivalwe ngento ebonakalayo engamelana nama-degree angaphezu kuka-230. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalambu okudoba ekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo, ngeke alahlekelwe ngumphumela wokuvalwa kokubekwa uphawu, futhi afafaze usawoti, okuholela ekugcekeni kwesibani kwe-bulb.
Ngaphezulu, aI-4000W yokudoba isibani eheha i-tunayasetshenziswa ngesikebhe sokudoba isigamu sonyaka. UCaptain akazange asigcine isibani endaweni eyomile emhlabeni noma ahlole uphawu lwesibani ngoba wayeqapha lesi siqhingi unyaka. Lapho esebenzisa isibani futhi ngemuva konyaka, i-chip yesibani iqhume
Isikhathi sePosi: Meyi-15-2023