Masayendisiti haatombozivi izvo hove dzinoona, nemamwe mazwi, mifananidzo ipi inosvika muuropi hwadzo.Tsvagiridzo zhinji pamusoro pechiratidzo chehove inoitwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwemuviri kana kemikari kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zveziso, kana nekuona kuti hove dziri murabhoritari dzinopindura sei kune akasiyana mifananidzo kana kukurudzira.Nekupa pfungwa yekuti mhuka dzakasiyana dzingave nekuona kwakasiyana uye kuti mhedzisiro yerabhu inogona kusamiririra zvinoitika munyika chaiyo mumakungwa, madziva, kana nzizi, haisi yesainzi kuita mhedziso dzinoenderana uye dzakajeka nezve kugona kwehove.
Zvidzidzo zvenyama zveziso neretina zvakaratidza kuti vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuwana mifananidzo yakanangana zvakajeka, kuona mafambiro, uye kuve nehunyanzvi hwekuona musiyano.Uye kune ongororo dzakawanda dzinoratidza kuti chiedza chinenge chidiki chinodikanwa hove dzisati dzaziva ruvara.Nekutsvakurudza kwakawanda, hove dzakasiyana dzine chido chemamwe mavara.
Hove zhinji dzinoona zvakakwana, asi ruzha nekunhuwa kunoita basa rakakosha pakuwana ruzivo nezvekudya kana zvikara.Hove dzinowanzoshandisa pfungwa dzadzo dzekunzwa kana kunhuwidza kutanga kunzwa mhuka dzadzo kana zvikara, uye dzoshandisa maziso adzo mukurwisa kwekupedzisira kana kutiza.Dzimwe hove dzinogona kuona zvinhu zviri pakati nepakati.Hove dzakadai setuna dzinoona zvakanaka;Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika.Hove dzine myopic, kunyange zvazvo shark dzine maziso akanaka.
Sezvinongoita vabati vehove vanotsvaka mamiriro ezvinhu anowedzera mukana wekubata hove, hove dzinotsvakawo nzvimbo dzine mukana wekubata zvokudya zvakanakisisa.Hove dzakawanda dzinotsvaka mvura yakawanda muzvokudya, zvakadai sehove, tumbuyu, kana shrimp.Uyewo, hove duku idzi, tumbuyu, uye shrimp zvinoungana apo zvokudya zvinonyanya kuwanda.
Zvidzidzo zveSainzi zvakaratidza kuti nhengo dzese dzechikafu ichi dzinonzwa nezvebhuruu uye girinhi mavara.Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuti mvura inotora yakareba wavelengths (Mobley 1994; Hou, 2013).Rudzi rwemuviri wemvura runonyanya kutsanangurwa nekuumbwa kwemukati, kusanganiswa nekutorwa kwechiedza mumvura.Colour yakanyungudutswa organic matter mumvura inokurumidza kutora mwenje weblue, wobva waita girinhi, wozoita yero (inoora exponentially to wavelength), zvichipa mvura ruvara rwetan.Ramba uchifunga kuti hwindo rechiedza mumvura rakanyanya kutetepa uye chiedza chitsvuku chinotorwa nekukurumidza
Hove nedzimwe nhengo dzecheni yavo yechikafu dzine mavara anotambira mumaziso avo, akagadziridzwa chiedza che“nzvimbo” yavo.Maziso anogona kuona ruvara rumwe rwenzvimbo anogona kuona shanduko mukusimba kwechiedza.Izvi zvinoenderana nenyika yemumvuri wedema, chena uye grey.Pane iyi nhanho yakapfava yekugadzira ruzivo rwekuona, mhuka inogona kuziva kuti chimwe chinhu chakasiyana munzvimbo yayo, kuti pane chikafu kana chikara ipapo.Mhuka zhinji dzinogara munyika yakavhenekerwa dzine chimwe chiono chekuwedzera: kuona kwemavara.Netsanangudzo, izvi zvinoda kuti vave nemavara anogamuchirwa ane angangoita maviri akasiyana pigment ekuona.Kuti iite basa iri nemazvo mumvura ine chiedza, mhuka dzemumvura dzinenge dziine pigment dzinoona kuseri kweruvara rwe "nzvimbo" uye rumwe kana mamwe mavara anooneka anotsauka kubva munzvimbo iyi yebhuruu-girinhi, senge munzvimbo dzvuku kana ultraviolet. ye spectrum.Izvi zvinopa mhuka idzi mukana wakakwana wekurarama, sezvo dzichigona kuona kwete chete shanduko mukusimba kwechiedza, asiwo musiyano weruvara.
Semuenzaniso, hove dzakawanda dzine mavara maviri ekugamuchira, imwe munzvimbo yebhuruu ye spectrum (425-490nm) uye imwe iri pedyo ne ultraviolet (320-380nm).Zvipembenene uye shrimp, nhengo dzehove dzekudya cheni, dzine bhuruu, girini (530 nm) uye pedyo-ultraviolet receptors.Kutaura zvazviri, dzimwe mhuka dzomumvura dzine marudzi akawanda anosvika gumi emavara anooneka mumaziso adzo.Kusiyana neizvi, vanhu vane hunyoro hwakanyanya mubhuruu (442nm), girini (543nm) uye yero (570nm).
Takaziva kwenguva yakareba kuti chiedza usiku chinokwezva hove, shrimp uye tumbuyu.Asi ndeupi ruvara rwakanakisisa rwechiedza kukwezva hove?Kubva pane biology yezvinogamuchirwa zvinoonekwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa, chiedza chinofanira kuva chebhuruu kana chegirini.Saka takawedzera bhuruu kuchiedza chichena chemarambi okuredza echikepe.Semuyenzaniso,4000w mvura yekuredza mwenje5000K tembiricha yemavara, rambi rekubata hove iri rinoshandisa piritsi rine bhuruu zvinosanganisa.Panzvimbo pechichena chaionekwa neziso remunhu, mainjiniya akawedzera zvidimbu zvebhuruu kuitira kuti zvinyatsopinza chiedza mumvura yegungwa, kuitira kuti zvive nani pakukwezva hove.Zvisinei, nepo chiedza chebhuruu kana chegirini chichidiwa, hazvidiwi.Kunyange zvazvo maziso ehove kana nhengo dzecheni yezvokudya zvadzo ane mavara anogamuchirwa anonyanya kunzwisiswa nebhuruu kana girini, iwowo mareceptors anowedzera kusanzwa kune mamwe mavara nekukurumidza.Saka, kana chiedza chimwe chete chakasimba zvakakwana, mamwe mavara anokwezvawo hove.Saka regaifekitari yekugadzira marambi ekuredza, kutsvagisa nekusimudzira gwara rinoiswa muchiedza chine simba chekuredza.Somuenzaniso, ikozvino10000W pasi pemvura rambi rekubata hove, 15000W pasi pemvura girini hove chiedza uye zvichingodaro.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-02-2023