Kwangirika kwinshi mubikoresho byibyuma bibaho mubidukikije, kubera ko ikirere kirimo ibintu byangirika nka ogisijeni n’ibyuka bihumanya, hamwe n’ibintu byangirika nk’ubushuhe n’imihindagurikire y’ubushyuhe. Kwangirika kwumunyu ni kimwe mubisanzwe byangiza kandi byangiza ikirere.
Ihame ryumunyu utera ruswa
Kwangirika kw'ibyuma ukoresheje spray yumunyu biterwa ahanini no kwinjizwa mumuti wumunyu wicyuma mubyuma hamwe na reaction ya electrochemicique, bigakora sisitemu ya micro-bateri y "ibyuma bito bito - igisubizo cya electrolyte - umwanda mwinshi". Ihererekanyabubasha rya elegitoronike ribaho, kandi icyuma nkuko anode ishonga kandi ikora ibice bishya, aribyo kwangirika. Chloride ion igira uruhare runini muburyo bwo kwangirika kwangirika kwumunyu wumunyu, ufite imbaraga zikomeye zo kwinjira, byoroshye kwinjira mubyuma bya okiside yicyuma mubyuma, gusenya imiterere yicyuma; Muri icyo gihe, ion ya chloride ifite ingufu nkeya cyane zo kuyobora, byoroshye kwamamazwa hejuru yicyuma, igasimbuza ogisijeni murwego rwa oxyde irinda icyuma, kuburyo ibyuma byangiritse.
Uburyo bwo gupima umunyu utera ruswa
Ikizamini cyumunyu ni uburyo bwihuse bwo kurwanya ruswa yo kurwanya ikirere. Nubunini bwa brine atomize; Noneho shyira mu gasanduku kafunzwe cyane, witegereje ihinduka ryikigereranyo cyapimwe cyashyizwe mu gasanduku mu gihe runaka kugira ngo ugaragaze ko ushobora kwangirika kwangirika kw’icyitegererezo cyapimwe, ni uburyo bwihuse bwo kwipimisha, umunyu mwinshi w’ibidukikije byangiza umunyu wa chloride , ariko muri rusange ibidukikije bisanzwe umunyu utera umunyu inshuro nyinshi cyangwa inshuro nyinshi, kuburyo igipimo cya ruswa cyiyongera cyane, ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu kubicuruzwa, Igihe cyo kubona ibisubizo nacyo cyaragabanutse cyane.
Ikizamini cyumunyu mbere na nyuma
Igihe cyo kwangirika kwicyitegererezo cyibicuruzwa gishobora gufata umwaka cyangwa imyaka myinshi mugihe cyageragejwe mubidukikije, ariko ibisubizo nkibi birashobora kuboneka muminsi cyangwa amasaha mugihe bipimishije muburyo bwo gutera umunyu.
Ibizamini byo gutera umunyu bigabanijwemo ubwoko bune:
Test Ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu utabogamye (NSS)
Test Ikizamini cya acide acike (AASS)
Umuringa wihuse ya acide acide (CASS)
(4) Ubundi buryo bwo gupima umunyu
Ibikoresho byo gupima umunyu
Isuzuma ryibisubizo byumunyu
Uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibizamini byumunyu birimo uburyo bwo gusuzuma, uburyo bwo gusuzuma ruswa hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima.
01
Uburyo bwo gutanga amanota
Uburyo bwo gutanga amanota bugabanya ijanisha ryikibanza cya ruswa kugeza kubuso rusange mubyiciro byinshi ukurikije uburyo runaka, kandi bifata amanota runaka nkibanze kugirango bacire urubanza rwujuje ibyangombwa. Ubu buryo bukwiranye no gusuzuma ibyapa bya plaque. Kurugero, GB / T 6461-2002, ISO 10289-2001, ASTM B537-70 (2013), ASTM D1654-2005 bose bakoresha ubu buryo kugirango basuzume ibisubizo byikizamini cyo gutera umunyu.
Igipimo cyo kurinda no kugaragara
Indangagaciro za RP na RA zibarwa kuburyo bukurikira:
Aho: RP nigiciro cyo kurinda agaciro; RA nigiciro cyo kugereranya agaciro; A ni ijanisha ryigice cyangiritse cyicyuma cya matrix mugace kose iyo RP ibarwa; RA ni ijanisha ryigice cyangiritse cyurwego rwo kurinda ahantu hose.
Gutondekanya ibyiciro no gusuzuma ibintu bifatika
Igipimo cyo kurinda kigaragazwa nka: RA / -
Kurugero, iyo ingese nkeya irenze 1% yubuso kandi iri munsi ya 2,5% yubuso, bigaragazwa nka: 5 / -
Igipimo cyo kugaragara kigaragazwa nka: - / RA agaciro + isuzuma rifatika + urwego rwo gutsindwa
Kurugero, niba ikibanza kibanza kirenze 20%, ni: - / 2mA
Igipimo cyimikorere kigaragazwa nkigiciro cya RA + isuzuma rifatika + urwego rwo gutsindwa
Kurugero, niba nta cyuma cya matrix cyangirika murugero, ariko hariho ruswa yoroheje ya anodic itwikiriye igicucu kiri munsi ya 1% yubuso bwose, bisobanurwa nka 10 / 6sC
Ifoto yikirenga hamwe na polarite itari nziza yerekeza kumyuma ya substrate
02
Uburyo bwo gusuzuma ahari korode
Uburyo bwo gusuzuma ruswa ni uburyo bwo kugena ubuziranenge, bushingiye ku kizamini cyangiza umunyu, niba ibicuruzwa byangirika kugirango hamenyekane icyitegererezo. Kurugero, JB4 159-1999, GJB4.11-1983, GB / T 4288-2003 yakoresheje ubu buryo kugirango basuzume ibisubizo byikizamini cyo gutera umunyu.
Imbonerahamwe iranga ibice bisanzwe bya electroplating nyuma yo gupima umunyu
Uburyo bwo kubara igipimo cya ruswa:
01
Ubushuhe bugereranije bugereranije no kwangirika kwicyuma ni 70%. Iyo ubuhehere bugereranije bugeze cyangwa burenze ubwo butumburuke bukomeye, umunyu uzashyirwa hamwe kugirango ube electrolyte ifite ubushobozi bwiza. Iyo ubuhehere bugereranije bugabanutse, umuti wumunyu uziyongera kugeza igihe umunyu wa kristaline uguye, kandi igipimo cya ruswa kizagabanuka uko bikwiye. Mugihe ubushyuhe bwiyongera, umuvuduko wa molekile urakomera kandi umuvuduko wa ruswa wumunyu mwinshi wiyongera. Komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’amashanyarazi yerekana ko igipimo cya ruswa cyiyongera inshuro 2 ~ 3 naho ubushobozi bwa electrolyte bukiyongera 10 ~ 20% kuri buri 10 ℃ kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe. Kwipimisha umunyu utabogamye, mubisanzwe bifatwa ko 35 ℃ ari ubushyuhe bukwiye.02Kwibanda ku gisubizo
Gushyira Inguni y'icyitegererezo
Icyerekezo cyimyuka ya spray yumunyu yegereye icyerekezo gihagaritse. Iyo icyitegererezo gishyizwe mu buryo butambitse, ahantu hateganijwe ni nini, kandi hejuru yicyitegererezo gitanga umunyu mwinshi, bityo ruswa ikaba ikomeye cyane. Ibisubizo byerekana ko iyo isahani yicyuma ari 45 ° uhereye kumurongo utambitse, kugabanuka kwangirika kwangirika kuri metero kare ni 250g, kandi iyo isahani yicyuma ihwanye numurongo uhagaze, gutakaza ibiro kwangirika ni 140g kuri metero kare. GB / T 2423.17-1993 isanzwe igira iti: "Uburyo bwo gushyira icyitegererezo kiringaniye bugomba kuba ku buryo ubuso bwageragejwe buzaba kuri Angle ya 30 ° uhereye ku cyerekezo gihagaritse".
04 PH
manura pH, nubunini bwa hydrogène ion mugisubizo, niko aside irike kandi yangirika. Ikizamini cyumunyu utabogamye (NSS) pH agaciro ni 6.5 ~ 7.2. Bitewe ningaruka zibidukikije, pH agaciro k'umuti wumunyu uzahinduka. Mu rwego rwo kunoza imyororokere y’ibisubizo byatewe n’umunyu, igipimo cy’agaciro ka pH cyumuti wumunyu cyerekanwe mubipimo byikizamini cyo gutera umunyu mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo, kandi harasabwa uburyo bwo guhagarika agaciro ka pH yumuti wumunyu mugihe cyizamini.
05
Ingano yumunyu wo gutera hamwe nuburyo bwo gutera
Nibyiza cyane gutera uduce twumunyu, nubuso bunini buringaniye, niko ogisijeni nyinshi itanga, kandi ninshi zirashobora kwangirika. Ingaruka zigaragara cyane muburyo bwa spray uburyo busanzwe, harimo uburyo bwo gutera pneumatike nuburyo bwo gutera umunara, nuburyo budahwitse bwo guta umunyu hamwe na diameter nini ya selile yumunyu. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutera spray nabwo bugira ingaruka kuri pH yumuti wumunyu.
Ibipimo bijyanye no gupima umunyu.
Isaha yumunyu itera igihe kingana iki mubidukikije?
Ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu kigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri, kimwe nikizamini cyibidukikije cyangiza ibidukikije, ikindi ni ibihimbano byihuta byigana umunyu wangiza ibidukikije.
Kwigana ibihimbano byumunyu wibidukikije ni ugukoresha ibikoresho byipimisha bifite umwanya munini - icyumba cyipimisha umunyu, mumwanya wacyo hamwe nuburyo bwubukorikori bwo gukora ibidukikije byo gutera umunyu kugirango hamenyekane ruswa yibicuruzwa. Ugereranije nibidukikije bisanzwe, umunyu mwinshi wa chloride mukarere ka spray yumunyu urashobora kuba inshuro nyinshi cyangwa inshuro mirongo yibintu byatewe mumyunyu ngugu mubidukikije rusange, kuburyo umuvuduko wa ruswa uba mwiza cyane, kandi ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu kuri ibicuruzwa bigufi cyane. Kurugero, birashobora gufata umwaka 1 kugirango ibicuruzwa bitangwe byononekaye mugihe gisanzwe, mugihe ibisubizo nkibi birashobora kuboneka mumasaha 24 mugihe cyogukora imyunyu ngugu.
Ikizamini cyumunyu wigana cyumunyu kirimo ikizamini cyumunyu utabogamye, ikizamini cya spray ya acetate, umunyu wumuringa wihuse ikizamini cya acetate, ikizamini cyumunyu.
. Ikoresha 5% sodium chloride brine yumuti, igisubizo pH cyahinduwe murwego rutabogamye (6 ~ 7) nkigisubizo cya spray. Ubushyuhe bwikizamini bwashyizwe kuri 35 ℃, kandi igipimo cyo gutuza umunyu cyasabwaga kuba hagati ya 1 ~ 2ml / 80cm².h.
. Nukongeramo acide glacial acetic glacial kuri 5% ya sodium ya chloride ya sodium, kugirango pH igiciro cyumuti igabanuke kugera kuri 3, igisubizo gihinduka acide, hanyuma spray yumunyu iba ikozwe mumyunyu itabogamye ikabamo aside. Igipimo cya ruswa cyihuta inshuro eshatu kuruta ikizamini cya NSS.
. Ubushyuhe bwo kwipimisha ni 50 ℃, kandi umunyu muke w'umuringa - chloride y'umuringa yongewe mumuti wumunyu kugirango utere ruswa. Ikosora inshuro zigera ku munani kurusha ikizamini cya NSS.
Mubihe rusange by ibidukikije, formula ikurikira yo guhindura irashobora kwerekanwa hafi:
Ikizamini cyumunyu utabogamye 24h ibidukikije karemano kumwaka 1
Ikizamini cya Acetate 24h ibidukikije bisanzwe kumyaka 3
Umunyu wumuringa wihutishije igeragezwa rya acetate 24h ibidukikije karemano kumyaka 8
Kubera iyo mpamvu, urebye ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, gutera umunyu, guhindagurika no gukama bisimburana, ibiranga ubukonje, twizera ko kurwanya ruswa y’ibikoresho by’uburobyi mu bidukikije bigomba kuba kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibizamini bisanzwe.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, urebye ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, gutera umunyu, guhindagurika no gukama bisimburana, ibiranga ubukonje, twizera ko kurwanya ruswa y’ibikoresho by’uburobyi mu bidukikije bigomba kuba kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibizamini bisanzwe.
Niyo mpamvu dukeneye ubwato bwo kuroba kugiraIcyuma cya halide itara ballastna capacator zashyizwe mu nzu. Ufite itara rya4000w Itara ryuburobyibigomba gufungwa hamwe nibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira dogere selisiyusi zirenga 230. Kugirango umenye neza ko amatara yuburobyi mugukoresha inzira, atazabura ingaruka zo gufunga, no mumiti yumunyu, bikaviramo kwangirika kumatara, bikaviramo gucana amatara.
Hejuru, a4000w itara ryo kuroba rikurura tunayakoreshejwe n'ubwato bwo kuroba igice cyumwaka. Kapiteni ntiyabitse itara ahantu humye ku butaka cyangwa ngo agenzure kashe y’itara kuko yari amaze umwaka arinda ikirwa. Igihe yongeye gukoresha itara nyuma yumwaka, chipi yamatara iraturika
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-15-2023