Ubushakashatsi bwamatara yegeranya amafi bugomba kureba ingaruka zumuriro uturuka kumaso y amafi, bityo ibipimo byo kumurika ntibikwiriye5000w itara ryo kuroba, impamvu nyamukuru nuko ibipimo byo gupima bidashobora kugerwaho, kandi impamvu ya kabiri nuko urumuri rwerekana urumuri rudashobora kwerekana ukuri kwimikorere yumucyo.
Nta mahame ngenderwaho agenga ikoranabuhanga ryerekana amafi akusanya amatara mu bihugu byose ku isi. Ibigo bimwe byubushakashatsi by’amahanga byize ku buryo bwo gucana amatara y’uburobyi bujyanye n’igitekerezo cya foton n’icyerekezo cyijimye, ariko ibimenyetso byerekana amafoto biracyakoreshwa mu gupima imirasire y’umucyo waamatara yo kuroba mu mazi, nkuburemere bwurumuri, fluxine flux, ubushyuhe bwamabara na illuminance kugirango dusuzume imikorere yamatara yuburobyi.
Phototaxis yatewe nuburebure bwamafi igenwa ningufu za fotone. Niba ingufu za fotone zinjiye muri retina yijisho ryamafi ni nyinshi, Phototaxis nziza izahita ihinduka fotokotike mbi, kuko lens yijisho ryumuntu irashobora guhinduka kugirango ihuze ningufu zumuriro wumucyo, hamwe ninzira y amafi. ntabwo byoroshye kandi ntibishobora guhinduka. Igisubizo cyibikorwa byamafi kirihuta cyane kuruta icy'abantu, kandi reaction ya instinzi ni uguhunga.
Nakoze ubushakashatsi ku matara y’amafi yo mu mazi y’amafi y’inganda mbere, aribyo gutuma iterambere ryihuta ry’amafi no kwanduza ubwiza bw’amazi. Dukoresha urumuri rwo gupima sisitemu. Kubijyanye no gukurura amafi mu bworozi bw'amafi mu nganda, uburyo bwacu bwo gukora ubushakashatsi ni bumwe bwo gukusanya amatara y'amafi.
Amatara yo gukusanya amafi agabanijwemo amazi yavuzwe haruguru hamwe n’amafi yo mu mazi akusanya itara. Amatara yavuzwe haruguru akusanya itara ririmo imirasire hamwe numucyo winjira mumazi neza, kandi imirasire ikubiyemo icyiciro cya geometrike. Ububiko bwa geometrike bukeneye gukemura ubwoko bwikwirakwizwa ryumucyo bisabwa kugirango indege ihwanye nubuso bwamazi. Amatara yo kuroba mu mazi arimo ingano yimirasire nintera yimirasire, byombi bifitanye isano no gutatanya no guhungabana kwamazi yinyanja hamwe nubwiza bwurumuri, ubwinshi bwurumuri no gukwirakwiza urumuri rwumucyo.
Umuvuduko wo gukwirakwiza urumuri mubitangazamakuru bitandukanye ntabwo ari kimwe, ariko ingufu za fotone ntizahinduka, iri hame rizatuma habaho gukwirakwiza imirasire yumucyo mumazi yinyanja, uburebure bwumuraba wa fotone burahinduka, ihererekanyabubasha ryumucyo muri amazi yo mu nyanja mubisanzwe ni ubururu bwumurambararo wubururu, guhitamo uburebure bwumurabyo wamatara y amafi bigomba gutekereza kuri iki kintu, byongeye kandi, ubwiza bwamazi buratandukanye, intera ikwirakwiza imirasire yumucyo yuburebure butandukanye bigira ingaruka cyane. Imyivumbagatanyo y’amazi yo mu nyanja itanga inzitizi yimirasire ya optique nikibazo cyo gukurura no gutekereza, ariko ntigire ingaruka kumihindagurikire yumuraba.
Kugaragaza imirasire yumucyo wuburebure butandukanye bisaba guhuza ibara kugirango isobanure ibara ryumucyo mubishushanyo mbonera bya chrominance CIE1931, byongeye kandi, imirasire yumucyo ifite uburebure burenga 570nm ihita yinjira mumazi yinyanja mubushyuhe, bityo imirasire yumucyo irenze ubu burebure bwikwirakwizwa ryamazi yinyanja. ni ntarengwa, kandi ultraviolet, ubururu, icyatsi kibisi intera iri kure cyane, mubwimbitse bwamazi yinyanja, munsi yubushyuhe bwibara ryumucyo wera, niko imirasire yumucyo iba myinshi.
Igitekerezo cyumuraba gikoreshwa intera yimirasire yumucyo mumazi yinyanja, kandi ubunini bwumuraba nimpamvu nyamukuru yo gutatana, mugihe igitekerezo cya kwantumumucyo gikoreshwa kumafoto meza y amafi. Iyo umubare wumucyo winjiza ijisho ryamafi ugeze ku gaciro runaka, amafi agira igisubizo kiboneka.
Ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza
Ikwirakwizwa ryamatara nigishushanyo cya kabiri cya optique, kigaragazwa numurongo wo gukwirakwiza urumuri, ubwato bwuburobyi mumurongo uhagaritse hagati yikigo cya rukuruzi burahora buzamuka hejuru no kumanuka no kuzunguruka, ubwoko bwa Lambert bwo gukwirakwiza itara rya zahabu halogen ifite ibyiza byo guhuza ubwinshi bwimirasire yumucyo mumazi, ariko icyerekezo gihagaritse kizaba gifite 25% yumucyo ntishobora kumurika hejuru y amazi,LED itarairashobora gukoresha modul optique kugirango ikemure iki kibazo. Nyamara, optique module ikeneye gusuzuma imikorere ya lens optique, bitabaye ibyo ntibikwiye igihombo.
Ikibazo cya Stroboscopic hamwe na disiki
Igihe cya Stroboscopic intera intera ijyanye nubwoko bwamafi, mubisanzwe hagati yamasegonda 0.012-0.07 habaho igisubizo, ariko ingaruka za stroboscopique yingufu ziva mumirasire yumucyo, hari ubushakashatsi buke murugo no mumahanga, ubu bushakashatsi bukeneye ubundi bushakashatsi bwa laboratoire.itara ryo kuroba mu nyanjaikibazo cyo gupima
Ibyinshi mubipimisho birashobora kuba byujuje ibisabwa nibisabwa, mubisanzwe ntibikunze gutekerezwa niba ibipimo ari ukuri, ariko kubipima imirasire ya optique, ikosa ryo gupimwa nukuri bigomba gusuzumwa, kubyerekeye ikosa ryo gupimwa rishobora kwerekanwa kuri wechat yabanjirije iyi. ingingo yumubare, dukeneye gushiraho igitekerezo, ni ukuvuga, niba ikosa ryibanze ryo gupima ikosa ryamatara y amafi ridasuzumwe, Agaciro kambere kagira ingaruka muburyo bwo gukoresha itara ryegeranya amafi.
Gupima ibipimo bya geometriki optique hamwe na spekiteri yerekana itara ryegeranya amafi birakomeye cyane, bikubiyemo niba amafi yo gukusanya imikorere hamwe nibipimo byo kuzigama ingufu byerekana itara ryegeranya amafi birasuzumwa kandi biragereranywa. Hatabigizemo uruhare tekinoloji yo gupima yabigize umwuga, gupima itara ryegeranya amafi ntabwo byizewe kandi ntabwo aribyo, cyane cyane gupima ibipimo bya optique yo mumazi.
Ikosa ryo gupimwa no kumenya ukuri nikibazo kitavugwaho rumwe cyane muburyo bwa tekinoroji, kuko ibikoresho bya optique ni sisitemu ya kalibrasi, ikosa rya sisitemu ubwaryo rirahari, ibikoresho bitandukanye bipima isoko imwe yumucyo, akenshi ikosa ni rinini.
Gupima itara ry'amafi ni siyansi y'ibanze, ubusanzwe kugirango ikore ibice bibiri byo gupima: kimwe ni gupima laboratoire, ikindi ni gupima umurima, gupima laboratoire ni ishingiro rya teoretiki, gusimburwa, gupima umurima ni kugenzura ibipimo bya laboratoire, ni ishingiro ryo gusuzuma, ibyo bipimo byombi bisaba uruhare rwa tekiniki yabigize umwuga.
Ikibazo cyo gupima itara ryamafi gisubira kukibazo cyibanze cyo gusuzuma ibipimo byerekana itara ryamafi. Ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwumucyo bugomba gusuzumwa nibice bifatika byo gupima. Itara rikoresha Photometrie hamwe na colimetimetry, naho itara ryibimera rikoresha urumuri rwa kwant. Nibipimo byerekana ko amafi yunvikana cyane kumirasire yumucyo, kandi iyi sensitivite igena Phototaxis nziza kandi mbi.
Gukusanya itara nibibazo byuburobyi
Intego yiki gikoresho cyo kuroba nugukemura neza uburobyi no kugabanya gukoresha lisansi. Inganda zikora amatara yuburobyi zigomba kubanza kuzuza ibisabwa bya tekiniki kugirango imikorere yuburobyi ikorwe neza, itange akazi keza mubipimo byujuje ubuziranenge na serivisi z’itara ry’uburobyi, kandi ntishobora kwimura inshingano zayo mu buhanzi bw’uburobyi. Itara ryo kuroba nigicuruzwa cyambukiranya imipaka ya disipulini, kandi imikorere isuzumwa n imyuga itandukanye. Ingaruka yo gukoresha amatara yuburobyi ifite byinshi bifitanye isano nubuhanga bwo kuroba, kandi ibigo bigomba gutandukanya intego zibyo bicuruzwa.
uburobyi bwamatara ikibazo gisanzwe
Ibipimo bya tekiniki nigikorwa cyo gupima urwego rwiterambere ryinganda, nibisobanuro byogukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye, ubwoko bwibicuruzwa byose byateye imbere bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, kandi ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze, ibipimo bya tekiniki ni imikorere y’iri terambere kamere, ntamahame ya tekiniki yinganda nibicuruzwa ni ubuhumyi butagaragara, ntibishobora kwemeza icyerekezo cyiza cyiterambere.
LED itara ryamafi ntabwo riri mubyiciro byo kumurika, gukoresha itara ryibitekerezo kugirango ukore urumuri rwamafi akenshi ni ibintu biganisha ku kunanirwa, gusuzugura ikoranabuhanga no kwishingikiriza ku kumva ko ukora ibicuruzwa biganisha ku mucyo w’amafi kandi ikiguzi ni amakosa cyane murwego rwo hejuru, LED yumucyo wibikorwa byo gukora ubushakashatsi kuri ubu hariho ibibazo bya sisitemu, ari nayo tekinike ituzuye yumucyo wamafi. Mubyukuri, ntamahame ngenderwaho akoreshwa mubuhanga, kandi harabura amategeko yo gusuzuma laboratoire yabigize umwuga.
Duhereye ku bushakashatsi bwa tekinike mu bihugu bitandukanye,LED itara ryamazinicyerekezo byanze bikunze cyiterambere, twahinduye ingingo enye za tekiniki zihagarariye, ikigamijwe ni ugutera ibigo ninzego zubushakashatsi bwa siyanse kwitondera ibisobanuro bya tekiniki bigezweho byamatara yuburobyi.
(Gukomeza… ..)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-05-2023