Pīhoihoi! Hoʻokahi hola o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai e like me kēlā i loko o ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe

Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā mea metala i loko o ka lewa, no ka mea, aia ka lewa i nā mea corrosive e like me ka oxygen a me nā mea haumia, a me nā kumu corrosion e like me ka haʻahaʻa a me nā loli wela. ʻO ka ʻinoʻino ʻana o ka paʻakai kekahi o nā mea maʻamau a luku ʻia i ka lewa.

4000w i lalo o ke kai he kukui waʻa lawaiʻa 1

Ke kumu o ka ʻinoʻino paʻakai

ʻO ka ʻino ʻana o nā mea metala e ka paʻakai paʻakai ke kumu nui ʻia e ka infiltration o ka hopena paʻakai conductive i loko o ka metala a me ka hopena electrochemical, e hana ana i ka ʻōnaehana micro-battery o ka "mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - electrolyte solution - kiʻekiʻe ka haumia". Hiki mai ka hoʻoili uila, a hoʻoheheʻe ka metala e like me ka anode a hana i kahi hui hou, ʻo ia ka corrosion. He kuleana nui ko Chloride ion i ke kaʻina hana ʻino ʻino o ka paʻakai paʻakai, nona ka mana komo ikaika, maʻalahi ke komo i ka ʻāpana metala oxide i loko o ka metala, e luku i ke kūlana blunt o ka metala; I ka manawa like, he liʻiliʻi loa ka ikehu hydration o ka chloride ion, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka adsorbed ma luna o ka ʻili o ka metala, e hoʻololi i ka oxygen i loko o ka papa oxide e pale ana i ka metala, no laila ua pōʻino ka metala.

ʻO nā ʻano hoʻāʻo a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka paʻakai paʻakai corrosion
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai kahi ala loiloi kūʻē i ka corrosion no ka lewa kūlohelohe. ʻO ia ka manaʻo o ka brine atomized; A laila e kāpīpī i loko o kahi pahu thermostatic i pani ʻia, ma ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka laʻana i hoʻāʻo ʻia i waiho ʻia i loko o ka pahu no kekahi manawa e noʻonoʻo ai i ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ka laʻana i hoʻāʻo ʻia, he ʻano hoʻāʻo wikiwiki ia, ka paʻakai paʻakai o ka chloride salt spray environment. , akā, ʻo ka maʻamau maʻamau maʻamau ka paʻakai paʻakai maʻiʻo i nā manawa he nui a i ʻole ka nui o nā manawa, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka nui o ka corrosion, hoʻāʻo ʻia ka paʻakai paʻakai ma ka huahana, Ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka manawa e loaʻa ai nā hopena.

a9837baea4719a7a3dd672fd0469d5f2

Ka ho'āʻo paʻakai ma mua a ma hope

Hoʻokahi makahiki a i ʻole mau makahiki paha ke hoʻāʻo ʻia ka manawa ʻino o kahi laʻana huahana, akā hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena like i nā lā a i ʻole mau hola i ka wā i hoʻāʻo ʻia ai i loko o ke kaiapuni paʻakai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia.
Hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻia nā hoʻokolohua paʻakai i ʻehā ʻano:
① ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai kūʻokoʻa (NSS)
② Hoʻāʻo hoʻoheheʻe waika acetic (AASS)
③ ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻakika acetic accelerated keleawe (CASS)
(4) Ka ho'āʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai

ʻO nā mea hana hoʻāʻo ʻino ʻino i ka paʻakai

4000w kukui waʻa lawaiʻa ma lalo o ka wai

ʻO ka loiloi o nā hopena hoʻāʻo paʻakai paʻakai
ʻO nā ʻano loiloi o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai e pili ana i ke ʻano helu helu, ke ʻano loiloi hanana corrosion a me ke ʻano kaupaona.

01
Keʻano helu
Hoʻokaʻawale ke ʻano helu helu i ka pākēneka o ka ʻāpana corrosion i ka nui o ka ʻāpana i kekahi mau māka e like me ke ʻano o kekahi ʻano, a lawe i kahi māka i kumu no ka hoʻoholo kūpono. He kūpono kēia ʻano no ka loiloi ʻana i nā laʻana o ka pā pālahalaha. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻo GB/T 6461-2002, ISO 10289-2001, ASTM B537-70(2013), ASTM D1654-2005 i kēia ʻano hana e loiloi i nā hopena hoʻāʻo paʻakai.

Ka helu pale a me ka helu hiʻona

Nā kukui lawaiʻa hee ma lalo o ka wai

Ua helu ʻia nā waiwai RP a me RA penei:

 

Kahi: ʻO RP ka waiwai helu pale; ʻO RA ka waiwai helu hiʻona; ʻO A ka pākēneka o ka ʻāpana i ʻino ʻia o ka metala matrix ma ka ʻāpana āpau ke helu ʻia ʻo RP; ʻO RA ka pākēneka o ka ʻāpana ʻino o ka ʻāpana pale i ka ʻāpana āpau.

Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka loiloi kumuhana

Hōʻike ʻia ka helu palekana e like me: RA/ -
No ka laʻana, inā ʻoi aku ka ʻōpala liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1% o ka ʻili a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 2.5% o ka ʻili, ua hōʻike ʻia e like me: 5/ -

Hōʻike ʻia ka helu hiʻohiʻona e like me: - /RA waiwai + loiloi kumuhana + overlay pae pae
No ka laʻana, inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahi kiko ma mua o 20%, ʻo ia: – /2mA

Hōʻike ʻia ka helu hana ma ke ʻano he RA waiwai + loiloi kumuhana + overlay pae pae

Nā kukui lawaiʻa hee ma lalo o ka wai1
No ka laʻana, inā ʻaʻohe matrix metala corrosion i loko o ka hāpana, akā aia ka ʻino maʻalahi o ka papa uhi anodic ma lalo o 1% o ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo 10/6sC.

Nā kukui lawaiʻa hee ma lalo o ka wai

He kiʻi o kahi uhi me ka polarity maikaʻi ʻole i ka metala substrate
02
Ke ʻano no ka loiloi ʻana i ke ʻano o nā corrodes
ʻO ke ʻano loiloi corrosion kahi ʻano hoʻoholo qualitative, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka corrosion paʻakai, inā paha e hoʻoholo ʻia ka mea hoʻohālikelike huahana. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻo JB4 159-1999, GJB4.11-1983, GB/T 4288-2003 i kēia ʻano e loiloi i nā hopena hoʻāʻo o ka paʻakai paʻakai.
Papaʻaina ʻano ʻino o nā ʻāpana electroplating maʻamau ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai

Nā kukui lawaiʻa hee ma lalo o ka wai

03Ke ʻano kaupaona
ʻO ke ʻano o ke kaupaona ʻana he ala e loiloi ai i ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o ka laʻana ma ke kaupaona ʻana i ka nui o ka hāpana ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka helu ʻana i ka nui i nalowale i ka corrosion. He kūpono loa kēia ʻano hana no ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o kekahi metala.

Ka helu ʻana o ka helu ʻino:

图片

Aia, V ka laiki o ka poino metala, g/m2·h; ʻO ka m0 ka nuipaʻa o ka mea hoʻohālike ma mua o ka ʻinoʻino, g; ʻO ka m1 ka nuipaʻa o ka mea hoʻohālike ma mua o ka ʻino ʻana, g; ʻO S ka ʻāpana o ke kikoʻī, m2; ʻo t ka manawa ʻino o ke ʻano, h.
ʻO nā kumu hoʻololi o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai
01
 Nā kukui lawaiʻa hee ma lalo o ka waiʻO ka haʻahaʻa pili koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻoheheʻe metala ma kahi o 70%. Ke piʻi a ʻoi paha ka haʻahaʻa pili i kēia haʻahaʻa koʻikoʻi, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka paʻakai e hana i kahi electrolyte me ka conductivity maikaʻi. Ke emi ka haʻahaʻa pili, e hoʻonui ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka paʻakai a hiki i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ka paʻakai crystalline, a e emi iho ka nui o ka corrosion e like me ia. Ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana, piʻi ka neʻe molekala a piʻi ka nui o ka corrosion o ka paʻakai kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ka International Electrotechnical Commission i ka piʻi ʻana o ka corrosion rate e 2 ~ 3 mau manawa a hoʻonui ka conductivity o ka electrolyte e 10 ~ 20% no kēlā me kēia 10 ℃ piʻi i ka mahana. No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai kūpaʻa, manaʻo ʻia ʻo 35 ℃ ka mahana kūpono.02
Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻonā5000w Underwater hee kukui lawaiʻa
Ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike ma lalo o 5%, piʻi ka nui o ka corrosion o ke kila, nickel a me ke keleawe me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ma mua o 5%, e emi ana ka nui o ka corrosion o kēia mau metala me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike. ʻO kēia no ka mea, ma ka pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, piʻi ka ʻike o ka oxygen me ka paʻakai paʻakai; Ke piʻi ka paʻakai paʻakai i ka 5%, hiki i ka ʻike o ka oxygen i ka saturation pili, a inā hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ka paʻakai, e emi iho ka ʻike o ka oxygen. Me ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike o ka oxygen, emi pū ka depolarization o ka oxygen, ʻo ia hoʻi, nāwaliwali ka hopena corrosion. No ka zinc, cadmium, copper a me nā metala ʻē aʻe, piʻi mau ka nui o ka corrosion me ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻonā paʻakai.03
Ka Angle hoʻokomo o ka hāpana

5000w Underwater hee kukui lawaiʻa

ʻO ka ʻaoʻao sedimentation o ka ʻehu paʻakai kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao kū pololei. Ke waiho ʻia ka hāpana ma ka ʻaoʻao, ʻo ka nui loa o kāna ʻāpana kuhi, a ʻo ka ʻili o ka laʻana ka nui o ka paʻakai paʻakai, no laila ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka corrosion. Hōʻike nā hopena i ka wā e 45 ° ka pā kila mai ka laina ākea, ʻo 250g ka pohō kaumaha o ka corrosion i kēlā me kēia mika square, a i ka wā e like ai ka pā kila me ka laina kūpaʻa, ʻo ka poho kaumaha o ka corrosion he 140g no ka mika square. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo GB / T 2423.17-1993 maʻamau: "ʻO ke ʻano o ke kau ʻana i ka hāpana palahalaha e like me ka ʻili i hoʻāʻo ʻia ma kahi Angle o 30 ° mai ka ʻaoʻao kū pololei".

04 PH

 

Mea hana i nā kukui lawaiʻa heee hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pH, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike o nā ion hydrogen i loko o ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka ʻakika a me ka corrosive. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai ʻole (NSS) pH waiwai he 6.5 ~ 7.2. Ma muli o ka hopena o nā mea kaiapuni, e loli ka pH waiwai o ka paʻakai. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka reproducibility o nā hopena hoʻāʻo paʻakai paʻakai, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka helu pH o ka hopena paʻakai ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai ma ka home a ma waho, a ua manaʻo ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka waiwai pH o ka hopena paʻakai i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo.

05
ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka paʻakai a me ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe

 

Mea hana i nā kukui lawaiʻa hee

ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana paʻakai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻili i hana ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka oxygen a lākou e hoʻopili ai, a ʻoi aku ka ʻino. ʻO nā hemahema i ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā ʻano hoʻoheheʻe kuʻuna, e komo pū me ke ʻano pneumatic spray a me ke ʻano o ka hale kiaʻi spray, ʻo ia ka like ʻole o ka waiho ʻana o ka paʻakai paʻakai a me ke anawaena nui o nā ʻāpana paʻakai. He hopena nō hoʻi nā ʻano hoʻoheheʻe like ʻole i ka pH o ka hoʻonā paʻakai.

Nā kūlana e pili ana i nā hoʻāʻo paʻakai.

 

 

 

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka hola o ka paʻakai i loko o ke kaiapuni maoli?

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai i ʻelua ʻāpana, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo hōʻike kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai.

ʻO ka simulation artificial o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻāʻo me kahi wahi leo - ke keʻena hoʻāʻo paʻakai paʻakai, i loko o kona wahi leo me nā ʻano hana hana e hana ai i kahi ʻano paʻakai paʻakai e loiloi i ka pale ʻana o ka huahana. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, hiki i ka nui o ka paʻakai o ka chloride i loko o ke kaiapuni paʻakai i nā manawa he nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​kini manawa o ka ʻike paʻakai i loko o ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe maʻamau, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka corrosion, a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai ma luna. pōkole loa ka huahana. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka makahiki 1 ke ʻino ʻia kahi laʻana huahana ma lalo o ka ʻike kūlohelohe, ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena like i loko o 24 mau hola ma lalo o ke kaiapuni paʻakai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hoʻoheheʻe paʻakai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai kūʻokoʻa, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka acetate spray, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai keleawe accelerated acetate spray, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai.

(1) ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai kuʻekuʻe (NSS test) kahi ʻano hoʻāʻo ʻāwīwī wikiwiki me ka ʻike mua loa a me ke kahua noi ākea. Hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka 5% sodium chloride brine solution, ka pH solution i hoʻoponopono ʻia ma ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa (6 ~ 7) e like me ka hopena spray. Ua hoʻonoho ʻia ka mahana hoʻāʻo ma 35 ℃, a ʻo ka helu hoʻoholo o ka ʻehu paʻakai i koi ʻia ma waena o 1 ~ 2ml/80cm².h.

(2) Hoʻomohala ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka acetate spray (ASS test) ma ke kumu o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai. ʻO ia ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi ʻakika glacial acetic i ka 5% sodium chloride solution, i hāʻule ka pH waiwai o ka hopena ma kahi o 3, lilo ka hopena i ʻakika, a ma hope ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka paʻakai paʻakai mai ka ʻūhā paʻakai kūʻokoʻa i loko o ka waikawa. ʻO ka nui o ka corrosion ma kahi o ʻekolu manawa ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka hōʻike NSS.

(3) ʻO ka paʻakai keleawe accelerated acetate spray test (CASS test) kahi hoʻāʻo ʻāwīwī paʻakai wikiwiki i kūkulu ʻia ma waho. ʻO ka mahana ho'āʻo he 50 ℃, a hoʻohui ʻia kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ka paʻakai keleawe - copper chloride i loko o ka hopena paʻakai e hoʻoulu ikaika i ka ʻino. ʻEwalu manawa ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo NSS.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kaiapuni maʻamau, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ke ʻano hoʻololi manawa ma lalo nei:
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakai kūʻokoʻa 24h kaiapuni kūlohelohe no 1 makahiki
Acetate mist ho'āʻo 24h kūlohelohe kūlohelohe no 3 makahiki
ʻO ka paʻakai keleawe ka wikiwiki acetate mist hoʻāʻo 24h kūlohelohe kūlohelohe no 8 mau makahiki

No laila, i ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni moana, ka paʻakai paʻakai, pulu a maloʻo alternating, freeze-thaw hiʻohiʻona, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou he hoʻokahi hapakolu wale nō o nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau ka pale ʻana o nā moku lawaiʻa i loko o ia ʻano.

TT110 moku lawaiʻa 4000w kukui lawaiʻa

No laila, i ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni moana, ka paʻakai paʻakai, pulu a maloʻo alternating, freeze-thaw hiʻohiʻona, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou he hoʻokahi hapakolu wale nō o nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau ka pale ʻana o nā moku lawaiʻa i loko o ia ʻano.
ʻO ia ke kumu e koi aku ai mākou i nā waʻa lawaiʻa e loaʻaBallast kukui halida metalaa me nā capacitors i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko. ʻO ka pahu kukui o ka4000w kukui lawaiʻa ma luna o ka mokupono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi mea hiki ke kū ma mua o 230 degere Celsius. E hōʻoia i nā kukui lawaiʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, ʻaʻole e nalowale ka hopena sealing, a i loko o ka paʻakai paʻakai, ka hopena i ka corrosion o ka pāpale kukui, ka hopena i ka haki ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu kukui.
Maluna, a4000w kukui lawaiʻa e huki i ka tunaua hoʻohana ʻia e ka moku lawaiʻa no ka hapalua makahiki. ʻAʻole i mālama ke kāpena i ke kukui ma kahi maloʻo ma ka ʻāina a i ʻole nānā i ke sila o ke kukui no ka mea ua kiaʻi ʻo ia i ka mokupuni no hoʻokahi makahiki. I kona hoʻohana hou ʻana i ke kukui ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua pahū ka puʻupuʻu o ke kukui


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-15-2023