A ranar 28 ga watan Yuli, a bikin baje kolin ISLE da ke birnin Guangzhou, kungiyar fasahohin fasahar hoto ta Guangdong ta yi nasarar gudanar da bikin kafa kwamitin kwararru na kula da makamashin lantarki na ruwa, mambobin kwamitin kwararrun kula da makamashin lantarkin na tekun sun hada da jami'ar fasaha ta kasar Sin ta kudu, da jami'ar Tekun Guangdong, da kamfanonin da suka tsunduma cikin aikin. da Marine photoelectric masana'antu. Wannan shi ne sabis na LED na farko na kasar Sin a cikin filin jirgin ruwa na kungiyar, kamar tada tsawa na kwari, ya yi kaho don shiga kasuwar fitilar LED ta kasar Sin na 2019. LED kifi haske kasuwar bazara da gaske zo? Don wannan karshen, marubucin gasa ga kowa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan LED fitilun kifi ya faru da waɗannan abubuwa.
A shekara ta 2004, jama'ar Japan sun fara gwada fitulun tattara kifi na LED a ƙarƙashin tallafin gwamnati.
A shekara ta 2005, Japan ta fara nazarin yadda ake amfani da fitilun masu tattara kifi na LED don maye gurbin fitilun da ake tara kifi na karfe halide, don adana makamashi, ƙara yawan kamun kifi, da inganta yanayin aiki.
Tun 2006, Japan ta incandescent fitilu an maye gurbinsu da tsakiyar haske rarraba LED fitilu, da karfe halide fitilu da aka maye gurbinsu da diffused haske rarraba LED fitilu.
A shekara ta 2007, Japan ta kera jirgin ruwan kamun kifi na farko a duniya tare da fitilun kamun kifi na LED.
A cikin 2008, an maye gurbin sandar kaka na kaka na kaka da jirgin ruwan kamun kifin da aka watsar da fitilun LED, wanda zai iya samun tasirin tarin kifin iri ɗaya kamar yadda ake amfani da fitilar tarin kifin na asali, kuma an rage yawan amfani da mai da kashi 20% - 40%
A cikin 2009, Japan ta gina jirgin ruwan kamun kifi na LED na biyu cike da fitilun kamun kifi.
A cikin 2010, Jami'ar Chenggong ta Taiwan da Jami'ar Tekun sun ƙera fitilun LED masu haske don maye gurbin fitilun kifi na gargajiya, kuma jirgin gwaji na farko don shigar da fitilun kifin LED ya sake gyarawa.
A shekara ta 2011, an haifi samfurin fitilar fitilar kifi na farko na kasar Sin da kuma samfurin fitilar fitilar LED.
A shekara ta 2012, an fara gwajin hasken kamun kifi na ruwa mai nauyin 1000W na kasar Sin a cikin jiragen ruwan kamun kifi kamar "Ningtai 76" a Zhejiang.
A shekarar 2013, fitilar kamun kifi mai karfin W 300 na kasar Sin ya fara gwaje-gwaje a teku a kan jiragen ruwan kamun kifi kamar "Yueyang Xiyu 33222" a Yangjiang, Guangdong; Guangzhou Panyu ya yi gwajin gyare-gyare a cikin "Yeyyu 01024".
A shekara ta 2015, fitilun kamun kifi na 600W na kasar Sin sun fara gwaje-gwaje a teku a kan kwale-kwalen kamun kifi kamar Fujian Fuding 07070. Cibiyar samar da hasken wutar lantarki ta semiconductor ta fitar da sakamakon gwajin na Jami'ar Tekun Shanghai da kamfanin "An tambayi fitilun kifin LED, kuma ainihin gwajin jirgin ruwa LED ya yi. babu wani mummunan tasiri a kan fitarwa”.
A cikin 2016, fitilar kifin ruwa mai nauyin 300W na kasar Sin ya gudanar da gwajin "haske" a teku a Guangxi; Fitilar kifi na kaka a Shandong "Luhuangyuan Yu No. 117/118" ya fara gwajin teku. Ƙungiyar Wutar Lantarki ta China ta damu game da "Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka don ƙarfafa aikace-aikacen hasken LED a cikin sojojin ruwa", cibiyar sadarwar hasken wutar lantarki ta kasar Sin ta tura fitilun kamun kifi na LED yadda ya dace, wanda ya sa gwamnatin Indiya ta ba da "umarni na hana" labarai.
A shekarar 2017, fitilar kamun kifi mai karfin 1200W na kasar Sin ta yi gwajin kwale-kwalen kamun kifi na teku a Shidao, na Shandong.
A cikin 2018, babban nunin kamun kifi da EXpo na teku na iya ganin karuwar yawan kamfanonin fitilun kifi na LED.
A cikin 2023, masana'antar Jin Hong ta ƙaddamar da mafi kyawun hasken kamun kifi na 1000w LED, wanda ya sami karɓuwa ga masunta a Indonesia. Kayan jigilar kayayyaki na wata-wata kusan guda 2000 ne.
Hasken fisihng na 500W LED, samfurin jiragen ruwan kamun kifi na Vietnam, shima ana haɓakawa.
Fitilar kifi ta LED bayan fiye da shekaru 10, menene halin da kasuwar ke ciki a yanzu? Ya jawo zazzafan tattaunawar masana'antu.
Bayan bincike, jimlar haƙƙin fasaha 135 a fagen fitilun kifin LED a China daga 2011 zuwa 2018, gami da ƙirƙira 42, samfuran kayan aiki 67, da bayyanar 26. Da yawa daga cikin takardun ilimi, da kuma a bara, lardin Zhejiang kawai ya fito da "DB33/T-2018 fitilar kamun kifi na Seine matsakaicin yawan buƙatun wutar lantarki" na gida, don aiwatar da tsoma bakin cibiyoyin bincike na Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta kasar Sin. Injiniya thermal physics, Jami'ar Tekun Shanghai, Jami'ar Tekun Guangdong, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Shandong, samar da masana'antu sama da 100, Gabas da Kudancin kasar Sin ne ke da kaso mafi girma, sai arewa da arewa maso gabashin kasar Sin. Cibiyoyin binciken fitilun kifin LED na waje da kamfanoni galibi suna da Koriya ta Kudu Samsung (Unilight), Jami'ar Marine Marine, Japan mara waya ta Japan, Japan Tuo Yang, Japan Gabas da Lantarki, Guye Electric da sauransu. An fahimci cewa kashi 75% na kasuwar fitilun kifi na gargajiya a Asiya suna mamaye da Koriya ta Kudu Samsung da Japan Tuo Yang biyu, kuma Japan Tuo Yang binciken fitilun kifin LED ana sayar da shi ne kawai a Japan, kuma farashin waje yana da ban mamaki.
Na farko, yaya girman kasuwar fitilar kifi ta LED?
Fitilar kifin LED suna kama da fitilun shuka na LED, duk suna cikin nau'in hasken wutar lantarki, wanda shine giciye-kimiyya na haske da ilmin halitta, kuma kwarewar ta kasance iri ɗaya. LED shuka fitilu daga 2004 zuwa yanzu, akwai 1127 hažžožin, da yawa mahalarta Enterprises, da kasuwar size bayyana, da kuma masana'antu goyon bayan ne sauti. Dangane da kididdigar LED a ciki, girman kasuwar hasken wutar lantarki ta duniya a shekarar 2016 ya kai dalar Amurka miliyan 575, tare da karuwar karuwar kashi 30% na shekara-shekara, kuma adadin masana'antun masana'antar wucin gadi a kasar Sin a shekarar 2016 ya kai kusan 100, na biyu kawai ga Japan. Hasken kamun kifi na LED na iya zama yanayi ya dogara da karfin kasuwa, bisa ga bayanan jama'a na cibiyar sadarwa ya nuna cewa adadin jiragen ruwan kamun kifi da ake da su a kasar Sin ya kai miliyan 1.06, daga cikinsu 316,000 na kamun kifi a cikin teku, ba a sani ba. Su ma jiragen ruwan kamun kifi na Taiwan, da Koriya ta Kudu, da Japan sun samu bunkasuwar jiragen ruwan kamun kifi mai haske, kuma kayayyakin kamun kifi na kasar Sin idan aka kwatanta da kasashen da suka ci gaba har yanzu suna da dakin da ya fi girma, sakamakon rashin albarkatun kamun kifi a teku, Hauhawar kiwo na teku, da Yawan jiragen kamun kifi da ke tafiya teku suna fuskantar wasu tsare-tsare na siyasa da wasu dalilai, a halin yanzu jiragen ruwan kamun kifi na kasar Sin suna da koma baya wajen juyar da jiragen ruwa, amma bisa kididdigar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a masana'antar, maye gurbin fitilun kamun kifi na LED a nan gaba yana ci gaba da samun daidaito a duniya. akalla yuan biliyan 100.
Na biyu, menene ƙarshen aikace-aikacen fitilun kifi na LED?
Hasken kamun kifi na LED da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kwale-kwalen kamun kifi, farkon fara amfani da jiragen ruwa na katako na katako don kamun kifi, bayan kafuwar ingantuwa da yanayin wayar hannu, gabatarwar fasahar Seine mai haske daga Taiwan a cikin 1990s, haɗe tare da yanayin aikin jirgin ruwa na karfe, Karni na 21 saboda hasken jirgin ruwan gilashi, saurin sauri, babban digiri na sarrafa kansa, Japan da Taiwan da ake amfani da su sosai, Sin ma ta fara ba da tallafin gina jiragen ruwan kamun kifi na fiberglass, saboda bambance-bambancen dokokin kamun kifi da yankuna, daidaiton kamun kifi. jiragen ruwa a kasar Sin ba su da yawa. Fitilar jirgin ruwan kamun kifi, daga fitilun asali na asali, zuwa tururi mai ruwa, fitilun acetylene, kamun fitilar kananzir, haɓaka zuwa busassun fitilun fitilar wuta, zuwa janareta don makamashi, fitilun halide na ƙarfe, fitilun halogen da sauran hanyoyin haske don kamun kifi. Fitowar fitilun tattara kifi na LED, wanda ke da kashi 15% -35% na ƙarfin amfani da tasoshin kamun kifi, na iya ceton 40% -60% na yawan man fetur kai tsaye. Dangane da sakamakon gwajin hasken kamun kifi na LED da aka yi a kasar Sin a cikin shekaru takwas da suka gabata, hasken kamun kifi na LED yana adana sama da kashi 60% na man fetur (dalilin da ba a yi cikakken bayani ba, akwai bayanan gwajin jama'a da yawa a masana'antar), babu wani mummunan tasiri a kan yawan kamun kifi, yana rage tasirin lafiyar ultraviolet a kan ma'aikatan kamun kifi, yana rage gurɓataccen ruwan teku da lalacewa ta hanyar hasken wuta, yana rage farashin kulawa da sauran fa'idodi. An cimma matsaya gabaɗaya kuma tabbatacciya.
Na uku, menene jagororin manufofin da suka danganci fitilun kifi na LED?
Bayanai sun nuna cewa, a cikin jiragen ruwan kamun kifi da kamun kifi na kasashen da suka ci gaba, kasar Japan ta haramta shigar da sabbin jiragen ruwa na fitulun halogen na zinari, har yanzu yawancin jiragen ruwan kamun kifi na kasar Sin suna amfani da fitulun zinare na gargajiya da fitulun halogen, karfinsu, yawan amfani da makamashi, da karancin rayuwa. , mummunar hasara na tushen haske, kuma sakamakon ultraviolet radiation yana da tasiri mafi girma ga lafiyar ma'aikatan jirgin, sauyawa da haɓakawa yana nan kusa. Mun damu da kewayon manufofin da suka shafi kifin Marine:
Shirin "Shirin shekaru biyar na 13" don bunkasa tattalin arzikin ruwa na kasa ya rubuta cewa saboda yawan kifaye, albarkatun kifi na bakin teku sun yi karanci, an sarrafa kamun kifi a cikin teku, ci gaban lokutan kamun kifi, albarkatun kifi sun fara adanawa, ƙarfafawa. karuwar kamun kifin teku, da karfafa gina jiragen ruwa masu ceton makamashi da kare muhalli, da karfafa inganta kayan kimiyya da fasaha na Marine. Ƙarfafa gina wuraren kiwo na ruwa a cikin teku, ƙarfafa gudanar da zanga-zangar aikace-aikacen, kama teku a hanya don fita da sauransu.
Ofishin Noma da Kamun Kifi (2015) No. 65 Sanarwa na Babban Ofishin Ma’aikatar Aikin Gona kan Buga da Rarraba Shirin Aiwatar da Shirin Tattalin Arziki na Tallafin Farashin Mai na Masana’antar Kamun Kifi na Cikin Gida ana amfani da tallafin dizal na masunta daga shekarar 2015 zuwa 2019, wanda ake sa ran za a rage kashi 40 cikin dari bayan shekarar 2019, don inganta rage yawan jiragen ruwa zuwa kerawa da sabuntawa da sauya tasoshin kamun kifi.
A shekarar 2018, Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta lardin Guangdong ta ba da shirin aiwatar da aikin samar da kayayyakin kiwon lafiya na lardin Guangdong a shekarar 2018 (Bayar da Kayan Kamun kifi da Gina Kayan Kamun Kifi), kuma hukumar kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya ta lardin ta shirya tallafin kudin mai na Yuan miliyan 50. Kudaden daidaitawa (bangaren tsare-tsare na lardin gaba daya) don tallafawa gina kayan aikin samar da kamun kifi a lardinmu. Musamman don jiragen kamun kifi don shigar da kayan tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na AIS da na'urorin tashar tauraron dan adam Beidou, tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta AIS 2,768 manya da matsakaita, jiragen ruwan kamun kifi 18,944, tashar tauraron dan adam ta Beidou sanye take da 2,041. Za a fara aiwatar da aikin daga watan Yuni 2018 zuwa Mayu 2019, tare da jimlar watanni 12.
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A takaice dai, tun daga rage yawan jiragen ruwa zuwa kerawa, da kare albarkatun kamun kifi a teku zuwa sabuntawa da sauya jiragen kamun kifi, tarkon haske ya fi kowane nau'i na kamun kifi kamar barasa, kamar yadda jirgin ruwan beidou ya samu isasshe. hankali daga manufofin kuma an riga an ci gaba, kuma yaya nisa manufar inganta fitilar kamun kifi? Idan za a iya samun manufofin da suka dace don aikace-aikacen zanga-zangar "fitilar maye gurbin man fetur" da "tashoshi goma da jiragen ruwa dari", ceton makamashi da rage yawan amfani, da kuma inganta ci gaban kare muhalli na Marine kore, za a iya aiwatar da haɓaka kayan aikin kamun kifi da gaske. .
Na hudu, yaya halin kasuwa na fitilun kifi na LED?
Fitilar kamun kifi ta gargajiya ta kasar Sin har yanzu tana dogara ga shigo da kaya don warwarewa, wani bangare na kasuwar gwal na cikin gida ba ta da girma, da sabbin kamfanonin fitilun kifin LED, matakin fasaha na mai kyau da mara kyau, rashin masana'antu. ma'auni, plagiarism da homogenization ne mai tsanani, kuma Japan irin kayayyakin a kan Internet farashin ne m fiye da 5 sau na gida, Ƙuntata ci gaban na kasar Sin LED kifi haske kasuwar ba fasaha da kuma farashin, amma masunta kullum saya gida low quality kayayyakin. kan layi, akwai juriya ga hasken kifin LED "ba zurfi" kuma "ba zai iya kama kifi ba".
Shin daidai ne masunta suyi magana game da canjin launi na "LED"? Takardun fasaha na takamaiman cibiyoyin ilimi na masana'antu da sakamakon gwaji na kamfanoni sun isa don tabbatar da cewa ba haka lamarin yake ba. Sai dai kuma binciken da marubucin ya yi kan yadda kasuwar ke gudana ba abin mamaki ba ne, saboda dalilai uku:
Na farko, fitowar sababbin samfurori yana buƙatar tsayawa gwajin lokaci da masu amfani, bayan haka, ayyuka suna magana da ƙarfi fiye da kalmomi.
Na biyu, babu kwarin gwiwa na siyasa da haɓaka manyan sabbin kayayyaki.
Na uku, rashin ka'idoji a cikin masana'antar, rashin daidaituwa, wasu samfuran marasa kyau suna ba da fitilun kifi na gargajiya da ke akwai damar haɓaka mummunan.
Tabbas, daga lura da kasuwa, yarda da hasken kifin LED a ƙarƙashin hasken ruwa ya fi hasken ruwa.
Biyar, menene nau'ikan masana'antar fitilar kifi ta LED?
Fitilar kifin LED da alama suna kan sha'awa, don haka kamfanoni da yawa sun yi tururuwa zuwa. Bayan bayanan da ke sama sun gano cewa binciken fitilun kifin LED na kasar Sin shima yana da lokaci, da bukatar isasshen hakuri, jari da karfin fasaha. Bayan kididdiga, a halin yanzu, akwai kusan nau'ikan kamfanonin fitilun kifin LED a cikin Sin:
Ɗayan shi ne kamfanonin kera kayan aikin ruwa, waɗanda galibi ke samar da injuna, tarun kamun kifi, cranes, fitulun kamun kifi da sauran kayan aiki a cikin kwale-kwalen kamun kifi.
Na biyu kuma shi ne kamfanonin kera fitilun kamun kifi na gargajiya, da wuri don jigilar fitilun, da suka haɗa da fitilun sigina, fitilun bincike, fitilun jirgi, fitillun bene, da sauransu, wasu ko shuka fitulun hasken noma, fitilun kamun kifi na HID da dai sauransu.
Rukunin ukun sune kamfanonin hasken wutar lantarki na LED, tare da hanyoyin hasken LED a matsayin manyan samfuran hasken wuta.
Marubucin ya yi imanin cewa ci gaban kowace masana'antu ba shi da bambanci da kwarin gwiwar kungiyoyin masana'antu, jami'o'i da cibiyoyin bincike, masu zuba jari, fasaha da gwamnati, kuma yana fatan karin mahalarta a kan hanyar zama tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma lardi mai karfi. A ci gaba da aiwatar da inganta haɓaka jiragen ruwa na kamun kifi, ana fatan cewa babban lardin tattalin arzikin teku zai iya ba da kulawa sosai ga fitilun kamun kifi na LED. Ko fitilun kifin LED na iya zama kasuwa mai tasowa da sauri don fitilun LED da faɗaɗa masana'antar, har yanzu yana ɗaukar lokaci. Ya zama babu makawa LED kifi tattara fitulun maye gurbin gargajiya MH kifi tattara fitilu a cikin ruwa maras ruwa makarantun. Aikace-aikacen duniya don amfanin masunta, muna fatan cewa wannan rana tana kara kusantowa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-10-2023